oops lab / * Functions with default arguments */

/ * Functions with default arguments */

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

int pnr(float principal=5000.00,float inrate=0.12,int period=5);

void main()

{

          clrscr();

          pnr();

          cout<<"\n\n";

          pnr(3000.00);

          cout<<"\n\n";

          pnr(3000.00,0.15);

          cout<<"\n\n";

          pnr(3000.00,0.15,3);

}

int pnr(float principal,float inrate,int period)

{

           int year,r;

 float sum,p;

           sum=principal;

 year=1;

 while(year<=period)

          {

                    sum=sum * (1 + inrate);

                    year=year+1;

 }

 cout<<endl<<"principal\t"<<principal;

 cout<<endl<<"period\t\t"<<period;

           cout<<endl<<"inrate\t\t"<<inrate;

 cout<<endl<<"sum\t\t"<<sum;

 getch();

          return(0);

 }

Output :

principal     5000

period         5

inrate          0.12

sum             8811.708984

principal     3000

period         5

inrate          0.12

sum             5287.024414

principal     3000

period         5

inrate          0.15

sum             6034.071289

principal     3000

period         3

inrate          0.15

sum             4562.625

/ * Implementation of swapping  using call by value */

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

void swap(int x,int y)

{

          int t;

          t=x;

          x=y;

          y=t;

          cout<<"\nValues after swapping:"<<"\na="<<x<<"\nb="<<y;

}

void main()

{

          int a,b;

          clrscr();

          cout<<"Enter the Values of a and b:";

          cout<<"\na=";

          cin>>a;

          cout<<"\nb=";

          cin>>b;

          swap(a,b);

          getch();

}

Output :

Enter the Values of a and b:

a=43

b=25

Values after swapping:

a=25

b=43

/ * Implementation of swapping  using call by address */

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

void swap(int *x,int *y)

{

          int t;

          t=*x;

          *x=*y;

          *y=t;

          cout<<"\nValues after swapping:"<<"\na="<<*x<<"\nb="<<*y;

}

void main()

{

          int a,b;

          clrscr();

          cout<<"Enter the Values of a and b:";

          cout<<"\na=";

          cin>>a;

          cout<<"\nb=";

          cin>>b;

          swap(&a,&b);

          getch();

}

Output :

Enter the Values of a and b:

a=43

b=25

Values after swapping:

a=25

b=43

/ * Implementation of swapping  using call by reference */

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

void swap(int &x,int &y)

{

          int t;

          t=x;

          x=y;

          y=t;

          cout<<"\nValues after swapping:"<<"\na="<<x<<"\nb="<<y;

}

void main()

{

          int a,b;

          clrscr();

          cout<<"Enter the Values of a and b:";

          cout<<"\na=";

          cin>>a;

          cout<<"\nb=";

          cin>>b;

          swap(a,b);

          getch();

}

Output :

Enter the Values of a and b:

a=43

b=25

Values after swapping:

a=25

b=43